(PDF) HTML Introduction with Examples :- Infinity4Education
HTML Introduction
What is HTML?
- HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
- HTML describes the structure of a Web page
- HTML consists of a series of elements
- HTML elements tell the browser how to display
the content
- HTML elements are represented by tags
- HTML tags label pieces of content such as
"heading", "paragraph", "table", and so on
- Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use
them to render the content of the page
A Simple HTML Document
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
Example Explanation :
- The <!DOCTYPE
html> declaration defines this document to be
HTML5
- The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
- The <head> element contains meta information about the document
- The <title> element specifies a title for the document
- The <body> element contains the visible page content
- The <h1> element defines a large heading
- The <p> element defines a paragraph
HTML Tags
HTML tags are element names surrounded by angle
brackets:
<tagname>content
goes here...</tagname>
- HTML tags normally come in pairs like <p> and </p>
- The first tag in a pair is the start
tag, the second tag is the end tag
- The end tag is written like the start tag, but
with a forward slash inserted before the tag name
Tip: The
start tag is also called the opening tag, and the end tag the closing
tag.
Web Browsers
The purpose of a web browser (Chrome, Edge,
Firefox, Safari) is to read HTML documents and display them.
The browser does not display the HTML tags, but
uses them to determine how to display the document:
HTML Page Structure
<html>
<head>
<title>Page title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is a heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is a heading 3</h3>
<h4>This is a heading 4</h4>
<h5>This is a heading 5</h5>
<h6>This is a heading 6</h6>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
Note: Only
the content inside the <body> section (the white area above) is displayed
in a browser.
The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration represents the document type, and
helps browsers to display web pages correctly.
It must only appear once, at the top of the page
(before any HTML tags).
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not case sensitive.
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration for HTML5 is:
<!DOCTYPE html>
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